A recent surge in optimism among U.S. consumers regarding the stock market has been recorded, with 56% expecting stock prices to rise over the next 12 months, the highest level since 1987. This sentiment coincides with a historic high in stock market participation, as Americans now hold a record 48% of their assets in equities, matching levels seen during the Dot-Com Bubble peak. Additionally, the S&P 500's market value now represents 46% of the global economy, a significant increase from 38% at the peak of the Dot-Com era. The concentration of the top 10 stocks in the S&P 500 has also reached a record 37%, surpassing the previous peak by 10 percentage points. Foreign investment in U.S. stocks has climbed to an all-time high of approximately 60%, reflecting a 15 percentage point increase over the past four years. The current market dynamics have raised concerns about potential speculation, with nearly $12 in leveraged long ETFs for every $1 in leveraged short ETFs, indicating a high level of bullishness among investors.