OptionProbability
Energy density (400 Wh/kg)
Charge cycle lifespan (100,000)
Cost (Lower cost than lithium-ion batteries)
Promised production volume
Charge speed (Five-minute full charge)
Uses only abundant materials without rare elements
Fire safety (No thermal runaway in extreme conditions)
Safe full discharge capability
Performance in real-world vehicle conditions
Temperature stability (99% capacity retention at -30°C, 99% capacity retention above 100°C)
No active cooling requirement
Geopolitically safe supply chain
Flexible custom shapes and geometries
83
76
66
50
48
34
