Recent scientific discoveries have provided new insights into human evolution across multiple regions. On Indonesia's Sulawesi island, researchers uncovered stone tools dating back approximately 1.5 million years, potentially representing the oldest known artefacts of Wallacean hominids and challenging previous understandings of human colonization in Asia. In Ethiopia, the examination of 13 teeth fossils aged between 2.6 and 2.8 million years has revealed evidence of coexistence between early Homo species and a previously unknown Australopithecus species, suggesting a more complex human evolutionary lineage than previously recognized. Additionally, a Stone Age skull found in an Italian cave has been identified as the oldest evidence of artificial cranial modification in Europe, marking a significant development in understanding early human cultural practices.