Nvidia executives laid out an aggressive view of artificial-intelligence demand, telling analysts on the company’s fiscal second-quarter earnings call that cloud providers, enterprises and government agencies could spend roughly $600 billion on data-center and computing infrastructure in 2025. Chief Financial Officer Colette Kress said the total market for AI infrastructure may swell to between $3 trillion and $4 trillion by the end of the decade, calling the build-out the beginning of a new industrial revolution across every sector. Kress added that Nvidia is "on track to generate over $20 billion in sovereign AI revenue" next year, more than double last year’s level, as governments race to develop domestic AI capabilities using the company’s GPUs and systems. The European Union alone intends to channel about €20 billion into 20 AI factories across France, Germany, Italy and Spain, according to the company. Chief Executive Officer Jensen Huang said Nvidia’s current Blackwell processors and next-generation Rubin chips will anchor the spending wave and usher in an "age of physical AI," enabling advances in robotics, industrial automation and autonomous systems. Huang characterized customer demand as "extraordinary," with production of Blackwell Ultra already ramping at full speed.