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The rise in DeFi attacks from private mempools, such as Flashbots, has become a significant concern, with 48% of these attacks now deemed unstoppable. This marks a substantial increase from 14% just two years ago. MEV (Maximal Extractable Value) allows miners to reorder transactions in a block, which can harm users through front-running and sandwich attacks. Despite efforts by Flashbots to democratize block production through MEV-Boost, the initiative has led to a monopoly where two builders dominate the block building market, extracting $500,000 in ETH daily. Fair ordering protocols are essential to mitigate these risks.

