Japanese Prime Minister Shigeru Ishiba and his Indian counterpart Narendra Modi agreed on a "Japan-India Joint Vision" that sets a goal of mobilising ¥10 trillion (about $68 billion) in Japanese private investment for India over the next decade. The pledge, one of Tokyo’s largest bilateral investment targets, is aimed at expanding manufacturing and infrastructure in areas such as semiconductors, green energy and high-speed rail at a time when New Delhi is seeking to cushion the impact of steep U.S. tariffs. The leaders also committed to facilitating the exchange of 500,000 people within five years. Japan plans to accept 50,000 skilled Indian workers, chiefly in information technology and caregiving, while encouraging reciprocal movement in education, research and industry to deepen economic links and address labour shortages in both countries. On security, Ishiba and Modi revised the 2008 Joint Declaration on Security Cooperation for the first time in 17 years, agreeing to expand defence collaboration, joint training and supply-chain resilience. They announced new economic-security frameworks covering semiconductors, critical minerals and artificial intelligence, underscoring a shared interest in diversified supply chains and a free, open Indo-Pacific.