Astronomers have identified the most distant confirmed supermassive black hole located in the galaxy CAPERS-LRD-z9, which formed approximately 500 million years after the Big Bang, placing it about 13.3 billion years in the past. This black hole has grown to an estimated mass of around 50 million solar masses and is considered the earliest known example of such a cosmic object. Separately, researchers have detected an ultramassive black hole with a mass of 36 billion suns at the center of the luminous red galaxy LRG3-757, approximately 5 billion light-years away in the Cosmic Horseshoe galaxy. This black hole is notable for creating a gravitational lens effect, bending light from a more distant bluish galaxy into an Einstein ring. The discovery challenges existing theories on the upper mass limits of black holes and offers new insights into galaxy evolution. Additionally, the enormous black hole TON 618, with a mass of about 66 billion solar masses, remains one of the largest black holes ever discovered, illustrating the vast range of black hole sizes observed in the universe. These findings have been supported by observations from NASA's Hubble Space Telescope, the James Webb Space Telescope, and other instruments, highlighting the advancing capabilities in studying distant cosmic phenomena.