NASA's James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) and other observatories have unveiled a series of remarkable astronomical discoveries that challenge existing understandings of the early universe and planetary atmospheres. JWST has identified approximately 300 unusually bright objects that may be early galaxies or other phenomena. Among these findings is the oldest known black hole, dating back 13.3 billion years, just 500 million years after the Big Bang, characterized by a ruby-red glow caused by surrounding gas. The ancient galaxy SMILES-GS-191748, nicknamed "Eris," with a redshift of 2.675, was found to be mature when the universe was only 2.5 billion years old. Additionally, JWST revealed a new high-speed jet stream over Jupiter's equator spanning more than 3,000 miles (4,800 kilometers). Combined data from JWST, Hubble, and Chandra telescopes have produced detailed images of galaxy NGC 1068, highlighting a black hole emitting a million-mile-per-hour wind visible in X-rays. Other notable images include the H II region N79 in the Large Magellanic Cloud, the Red Spider Nebula (NGC 6537), and the Sombrero Galaxy. NASA's Psyche mission also captured images of Earth and the Moon from 180 million miles away while en route to the metallic asteroid Psyche. The Hubble Space Telescope marked its 27th anniversary with images of spiral galaxies NGC 4302 and NGC 4298 in the Virgo Cluster. These observations collectively provide new insights into galaxy formation, black hole behavior, and planetary atmospheres across the cosmos.