A World Trade Organization (WTO) dispute panel has rejected the European Union's claims that China violated WTO rules regarding intellectual property rights. The case centered on China's use of anti-suit injunctions, which prevent patent holders from pursuing litigation in non-Chinese courts to enforce their patents. The EU initiated the dispute in 2022, arguing that Chinese courts' policies, including anti-suit injunctions and associated penalties such as a 1 million RMB daily fine, limited the ability of European companies to protect their technology patents, such as those related to 5G, outside China. The WTO panel concluded that the EU did not demonstrate that China's practices were inconsistent with WTO rules, specifically the Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) Agreement. The panel also noted that China had not fully met all WTO transparency obligations. In response, the EU has appealed the panel's findings under the Multi-Party Interim Appeal Arbitration Arrangement (MPIA), and an additional EU complaint regarding setting global royalty rates for standard essential patents is ongoing. China has confirmed receipt of the EU's appeal and stated it will handle the matter in accordance with relevant rules, reaffirming its commitment to intellectual property rights protection.