During the Monsoon Session of India's Parliament from July 21 to August 21, 2025, three key bills were introduced by Home Minister Amit Shah in the Lok Sabha: the Constitution (One Hundred and Thirtieth Amendment) Bill, 2025; the Government of Union Territories (Amendment) Bill, 2025; and the Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation (Amendment) Bill, 2025. These bills were subsequently referred to the Joint Committee of Parliament. The session was marked by significant disruptions and confrontations between the ruling Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) and opposition parties, including the Trinamool Congress (TMC), Congress, and Rashtriya Janata Dal (RJD). Opposition members protested vehemently, including tearing and throwing copies of the bills towards Amit Shah during his presentation. BJP MPs condemned these actions as unruly and disruptive. The session was described by BJP leaders as the least productive of the 18th Lok Sabha, with nearly two-thirds of the 21 working days lost to disruptions. A contentious bill proposing the removal of Prime Ministers, Chief Ministers, and ministers holding serious criminal charges after 30 consecutive days of arrest sparked political debate, with opposition figures like Kapil Sibal calling it a “democratic threat.” BJP leaders accused opposition parties of creating chaos in Parliament and obstructing government work. The session also saw political exchanges around the governance and law enforcement in states such as Bihar and West Bengal, with Prime Minister Narendra Modi highlighting issues like illegal immigration and criticizing previous administrations. The overall tone of the session reflected deep political divisions and challenges in parliamentary functioning.