U.S. President Donald Trump has signed an executive order that doubles tariffs on Indian goods to 50%, effective later this month. The White House said the move is aimed at penalising New Delhi for buying discounted Russian crude, which Washington argues helps finance Moscow’s war effort. The increase follows an existing 25% duty and marks one of the steepest levies now applied to a major American trading partner. New Delhi condemned the measure as “unfair,” and Prime Minister Narendra Modi vowed he would not sacrifice the interests of India’s farmers, fisheries or dairy industry “even if I have to pay a heavy price.” Trade talks between the two countries have stalled, and Indian exporters of tyres, auto parts, apparel and jewellery are mapping production shifts to lower-tariff jurisdictions. State-owned refiners, meanwhile, have halted spot purchases of Russian oil while they await government guidance, underscoring the immediate commercial fallout. The escalation is reverberating beyond the bilateral relationship. Brazil has urged fellow BRICS members to craft a joint response, and Russian and Indian officials meeting in Moscow on Thursday recommitted to a long-term “strategic partnership,” with the Kremlin criticising what it called illegal U.S. trade pressure. Financial markets took note as oil-linked U.S. inflation expectations edged up 0.3% after the announcement, highlighting the wider economic risks of the dispute.