Israeli military actions have caused damage leading to the closure of over 60 desalination plants in Gaza, severely impacting the region's water supply. Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) reported that the destruction of sanitation infrastructure and restrictions on importing essential materials for water treatment have resulted in critically low levels of clean water. Since June 2024, MSF has received approval for only one in ten requests to bring in necessary desalination materials. The shortage of clean water has exacerbated health crises, with at least 15,600 Gazans requiring urgent medical evacuation. MSF has stated that Israel is deliberately depriving Palestinians of vital necessities, including food, water, and healthcare. The ongoing damage to Gaza’s sanitation plants has also contributed to the spread of rare diseases in the area.