Delegates from 175 to 184 countries convened in Geneva in early August 2025 for the sixth and potentially final round of negotiations on a legally binding global treaty to address plastic pollution. The talks aim to establish measures to reduce plastic waste, which health experts and a recent Lancet study have identified as a growing threat to human and planetary health. However, progress has been slow, with deep divisions among nations. The United States, a leading plastics producer, along with several petro-states, opposes proposed caps on plastic production, a key point of contention. The Trump administration circulated a memo urging countries to reject any treaty provisions that would limit plastic production, also proposing to remove references to addressing the full life cycle of plastics from the treaty's objectives. The current draft treaty reportedly contains over 370 unresolved issues. Indigenous communities from North America have participated in the talks, highlighting the environmental impact of microplastics on their lands. Kenya and other nations have called for an effective agreement amid concerns over the global health costs of plastic pollution, estimated at Sh193.8 trillion. The chair of the negotiations has warned that insufficient progress has been made as talks continue to face significant challenges.