Researchers from Princeton University, the Simons Foundation, and other collaborators have identified four biologically and clinically distinct subtypes of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This discovery, achieved through computational modeling, artificial intelligence, and analysis of genetic and phenotypic data from over 5,000 children with autism, reveals unique genetic profiles and developmental trajectories for each subtype. The identified subtypes include Social and Behavioral Challenges, Mixed ASD with Developmental Delay, Moderate Challenges, and Broadly Affected. These findings mark a transformative step toward precision diagnosis and personalized care for individuals with autism, as each subtype is linked to different blends of traits, genes, and life challenges. The research was published in Nature Genetics and highlights the potential for more targeted interventions based on subtype-specific characteristics.