Brazil’s National Congress formally established a Joint Parliamentary Commission of Inquiry (CPMI) on 17 June 2025 to investigate large-scale fraud at the National Institute of Social Security (INSS). Senate President Davi Alcolumbre (União Brasil-AP), who also presides over Congress, read the request that creates the commission during a joint session of the two chambers. The CPMI will comprise senators and federal deputies and will focus on suspected irregularities that allegedly diverted about R$6.3 billion from pensioners’ benefits. Alcolumbre asked party leaders to nominate members so the body can be installed and elect its chair and rapporteur. Lawmakers supporting the inquiry said the commission’s work should complement ongoing probes by the Federal Police and the Comptroller-General of the Union. Once fully constituted, the CPMI will have the authority to summon witnesses, demand documents and recommend legislative or criminal measures aimed at recovering losses and holding those responsible to account.