Psychosurgery for mental illness is experiencing a resurgence, but modern procedures differ substantially from the lobotomies of the past, which involved invasive and crude methods such as ice-pick lobotomies. Today's brain surgeries for treatment-resistant mental disorders are performed without opening the cranium, cutting into the brain, or causing bleeding. These precise techniques offer new options for patients who have exhausted other treatments, potentially enabling them to live more normal lives. In Colombia, the first surgery against depression has been performed with the patient awake to ensure accurate stimulation of brain circuits. Epilepsy, affecting approximately 55 million people worldwide, remains a major neurological challenge. Experts emphasize brain health maintenance through balanced diet, hydration, exercise, restorative sleep, and socialization. The neurocirurgeon William Omar Contreras López and medical specialists at institutions such as Centro Médico ABC are leading efforts to advance these surgical treatments and provide guidance on candidate selection for depression surgery.