Recent economic data from multiple countries indicate varied inflation and growth trends. In Canada, the Consumer Price Index (CPI) showed a year-over-year increase of 1.9%, matching forecasts and up from 1.7% previously, with monthly CPI rising 0.1%. Core CPI rose 0.3% month-over-month, and the Producer Price Index (PPI) increased 0.4% month-over-month, with a year-over-year PPI growth of 1.7%. However, Canadian GDP contracted by 0.1% month-over-month, missing the forecast of zero growth. Manufacturing sales declined 0.9% month-over-month, while retail sales fell 1.1%, slightly worse than expected. In Italy, preliminary data showed a Consumer Price Index (CPI) year-over-year increase of 1.7%, in line with forecasts, and a month-over-month rise of 0.2%. The Harmonized Index of Consumer Prices (HICP) final readings confirmed a 1.8% year-over-year increase and 0.2% month-over-month growth. Italian retail sales declined 0.4% month-over-month and grew 1.3% year-over-year, both below prior levels. Italy's Producer Price Index (PPI) decreased 0.7% month-over-month and rose 1.7% year-over-year. Spain's preliminary July CPI data showed a year-over-year increase of 2.7%, above estimates, with a month-over-month decline of 0.1%. The Harmonized CPI also rose 2.7% year-over-year with a 0.4% month-over-month decrease. Core CPI in Spain increased 2.3% year-over-year. France's preliminary second-quarter GDP grew 0.3% quarter-over-quarter and 0.7% year-over-year, surpassing forecasts. Consumer spending in France rose 0.6% month-over-month and 0.9% year-over-year. Germany reported a 1.0% month-over-month increase in real retail sales, outperforming expectations. The Netherlands saw a 1.5% year-over-year GDP growth in the second quarter, down from 2.2% previously, and a 0.1% quarter-over-quarter increase. In the United States, wholesale inventories rose 0.2% month-over-month in June, exceeding forecasts, while retail inventories excluding autos were flat. Australian inflation data for the second quarter showed a 0.7% quarter-over-quarter CPI increase, slightly below estimates, and a 2.1% year-over-year rise, also below forecasts. The Reserve Bank of Australia's trimmed mean CPI rose 2.7% year-over-year, matching expectations but down from 2.9% previously. Monthly CPI increased 0.2% seasonally adjusted. These mixed economic indicators reflect ongoing inflation moderation in some regions alongside slower growth or contraction in others.