A recent study by the Institut national d’études démographiques (Ined) reveals a continued decline in fertility rates in France, driven by a decreasing desire among the French population to have children. Over the past 20 years, the average number of children desired has fallen from 2.7 to 2.3 per generation. This trend spans all social groups and is influenced by factors including climate anxiety and the pursuit of gender equality. Young French people are increasingly opting for fewer children or none at all, reflecting changing mentalities and concerns about the future. The fertility rate in France is now among the lowest in Europe, with projections indicating the decline will persist. This demographic shift has prompted President Emmanuel Macron to call for a "demographic rearmament" in 2024, aiming to address the ongoing natality challenges. The situation in France has been compared to the demographic decline observed in Italy.