Shopify is set to face a data privacy lawsuit in the United States after a federal court ruled in a 10-1 decision that the company can be sued in California. The lawsuit alleges that Shopify installed tracking software on customers' phones without their consent by embedding payment-processing code on merchant websites that tracks consumers' location and collects personal data. This ruling was supported by a split Ninth Circuit en banc panel. Separately, Toyota Motor North America Inc. and Progressive are also facing a federal lawsuit for allegedly collecting and selling drivers' location and vehicle data without consent, violating state and federal privacy laws. The plaintiff in this proposed class action seeks compensatory damages, injunctive relief, and other remedies exceeding $5 million. Meanwhile, a proposed class action against autotech company Otonomo Inc. for similar allegations was unanimously rejected by the Ninth Circuit. Additionally, Paradies Shops recently paid $7 million in penalties after a court found the company knowingly concealed data breach information affecting 76,000 employees.