The Trump administration is exploring a proposal that would fundamentally change how the United States finances its patent system, according to a Wall Street Journal report citing people familiar with the discussions. Under the plan, the Commerce Department would replace the current flat-fee structure with an annual levy equal to 1% to 5% of a patent’s assessed value. Supporters inside the administration believe the approach could generate tens of billions of dollars in new revenue for the federal government. U.S. patent holders currently pay comparatively modest maintenance and application fees, making the contemplated charges a substantial increase, particularly for large portfolios in sectors such as pharmaceuticals, technology and manufacturing. Deliberations are at an early stage and no final decision has been made. Details under review include how patent values would be appraised, potential exemptions for small businesses and inventors, and whether revenue would be earmarked for the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office or broader budget needs. The Commerce Department declined to comment on the report.