Rwandan President Paul Kagame said in Kigali he would "firmly respond" to any breach of the peace agreement concluded with the Democratic Republic of Congo, while conceding he was "unsure" the accord would hold without the goodwill of all parties. His Congolese counterpart, Félix Tshisekedi, has described the accord as ushering in a "new era of stability, cooperation and prosperity" for the conflict-torn east of his country. The agreement, signed on 27 June in Washington after mediation by the United States and Qatar, commits Kinshasa and Kigali to an immediate cessation of hostilities, the withdrawal of Rwandan forces from eastern Congo within 90 days and the creation of a joint security coordination mechanism. A parallel economic framework aims to formalise trade in cobalt, coltan and other critical minerals; US President Donald Trump hailed the deal for giving the United States "a lot of the mineral rights from the Congo." Implementation is uncertain. The Rwanda-backed M23 rebels—who control swathes of North Kivu province—have rejected the Washington accord as unrelated to their separate negotiations in Doha. The United Nations warns of a "critical" humanitarian situation for the DRC’s roughly seven million internally displaced people, and rights groups say previous cease-fires collapsed amid continued cross-border support for armed factions. Diplomats hope forthcoming Doha talks and the 30-day deadline to launch a joint monitoring body will keep the agreement on track. Kagame cautioned that if partners "play tricks" Rwanda will revert to self-defence, underscoring how fragile the detente remains despite international pressure to turn the document into lasting peace on the ground.