Two independent academic studies from Oxford University and Columbia Business School have found that Uber's use of dynamic pricing algorithms has increased the company's profits while negatively impacting both drivers and passengers. Analysis of data from 1.5 million trips shows that Uber’s opaque algorithmic pricing raises passenger fares and reduces driver earnings. The Columbia study highlights that since 2023, Uber’s algorithm has engaged in systematic price discrimination, boosting Uber’s commission to over 50% of some fares. These pricing practices have led to billions of rides where drivers receive lower pay and passengers face higher costs. The findings have raised concerns about fairness in the gig economy, with critics arguing that Uber profits by exploiting both workers and customers rather than through service improvements or investments. Additional experiments with Uber and Lyft drivers have demonstrated how these companies use algorithms to maximize profits at the expense of drivers.