President Donald Trump has ordered the U.S. Department of Commerce to conduct a new census that excludes immigrants living in the country illegally. This directive, announced in August 2025, aims to produce a "high-precision" population count that does not include undocumented migrants, using data obtained after the 2024 presidential elections. The new census is intended to affect congressional apportionment, federal funding distribution, and Electoral College vote allocation. The move comes amid ongoing redistricting battles ahead of the 2026 midterm elections and is viewed as a strategy to influence political representation, potentially benefiting the Republican Party. The initiative has sparked legal debates and controversy over its implications for election integrity and representation.