The Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals has struck down two California gun control laws, ruling that they violate the Second Amendment. In June 2025, the court unanimously ruled that California's "one-gun-per-month" law, which limits residents to purchasing only one firearm every 30 days, is unconstitutional. The court found no historical precedent supporting such a restriction and rejected the state's argument that the Second Amendment protects only the right to own a single gun rather than multiple firearms. Later, in July 2025, the same federal appeals court blocked California's first-of-its-kind law requiring firearm owners to undergo background checks before purchasing ammunition. The court upheld a lower court injunction against enforcing this ammunition background check requirement, deeming it unconstitutional. These rulings reinforce constitutional protections for gun owners in California and challenge state-level restrictions on firearm and ammunition purchases.