President Donald Trump’s signature tax-and-spending package, the One Big Beautiful Bill Act, is reshaping U.S. immigration enforcement by nearly doubling the Department of Homeland Security’s budget. The law steers about $170 billion in new money toward DHS, including roughly $30 billion for Immigration and Customs Enforcement officers, $45 billion for expanded detention capacity, $10 billion for the secretary’s office and $46 billion for additional border wall construction. Senior officials say the windfall is underwriting the administration’s goal of removing one million people a year. ICE has offered $50,000 hiring bonuses, begun converting military bases such as Fort Bliss into detention centres and is positioning mass-deportation flights as far afield as a Salvadoran maximum-security prison known as CECOT, where more than 230 Venezuelan migrants were held this spring. Homeland Security Secretary Kristi Noem has also promoted a ‘self-deportation’ app and warned that those who stay could be confined in new sites such as the Everglades-based ‘Alligator Alcatraz.’ The aggressive rollout is prompting bipartisan oversight. House Homeland Security Chair Andrew Garbarino and Subcommittee Chair Michael Guest have demanded a briefing on how DHS intends to disburse OBBBA funds, citing scant policy guidance and record-low border apprehensions. Lawmakers have also questioned reports that up to $1 billion is being shifted from agencies such as FEMA to cover enforcement costs. Early effects are rippling through communities and the legal system. Long-time U.S. residents like Arizona restaurateur Kelly Yu face imminent deportation despite clean records, while immigration judges such as Irma Perez have been dismissed even as Congress approved money for 100 new judges. Business groups and local officials warn the crackdown is draining already-tight labour pools, and polls show public support for immigration rising even as approval of the president’s handling of the issue slips.