The Inter-American Court of Human Rights (IACHR) has issued a landmark advisory opinion affirming that member states of the Organization of American States (OAS) have legal obligations to address the climate crisis. The court recognized a human right to a healthy environment and emphasized that states must take urgent and effective measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, regulate fossil fuels, and protect their populations from the impacts of climate change. This ruling, requested by Chile and Colombia, calls on countries to enact legislative reforms that increase corporate accountability and environmental protections. The opinion highlights the linkage between climate change and human rights, including the rights of children and future generations, and is expected to influence legal standards across the Americas and beyond. The United Nations and human rights organizations have welcomed the decision as a historic step in climate justice. Separately, the International Court of Justice (ICJ), the UN's highest court, has declared climate change an "urgent and existential threat" and stated that failure by states to meet climate obligations may constitute violations of international law. The ICJ's advisory opinion opens the door for climate reparations and underscores the need for international cooperation to curb emissions. Both rulings mark a new era in legal accountability for climate action at regional and global levels.