Global fertility rates are declining at an accelerating pace, raising concerns about demographic shifts worldwide. Reports from various sources highlight that humanity may begin to shrink several decades earlier than previously anticipated due to worsening fertility trends. European countries, including Spain, are experiencing steep declines in birth rates, with the European Union facing rapid population aging. The OECD has warned that Spain will suffer the largest drop in employment rates relative to its population among OECD countries, projecting a 10.3 percentage point fall by 2060. To mitigate these challenges, the OECD recommends increasing regular immigration and extending working lives. Additionally, demographic imbalances caused by policies such as China's former one-child policy have resulted in low fertility rates, gender disparities, and aging populations. Japan's low birthrate, compounded by urbanization, poses long-term national security concerns, potentially weakening its Self-Defense Forces and emergency response capabilities. Some countries, including Russia and India, are implementing baby bonuses to counteract declining birthrates, though these measures raise questions about social control and care.