Israel’s military said it will begin dispatching 54,000 call-up notices this week to ultra-Orthodox Jewish seminary students, completing the mailing in several phases by the end of July. The orders apply to men whose study deferments lapsed after a legal exemption expired, and induction dates will be spread across the 2025 draft year. Combat units will receive first priority, according to the army’s manpower directorate. The move follows a June 2024 Supreme Court ruling that struck down decades-old blanket exemptions for the Haredi community and instructed the defence establishment to integrate them into compulsory service. The IDF, facing simultaneous operations in Gaza, Lebanon, Yemen and against Iran, has cited pressure on overstretched reservists as an additional impetus. The army said it is developing programmes that accommodate religious observance while expanding recruitment. Enforcement will be tightened: military police intend to classify non-responders as deserters after three notices, and local media report plans for roadblocks to deter draft evasion. With only about 250–300 military prison cells available, officials are considering alternative probation schemes to handle potential mass refusals. The conscription drive puts new strain on Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu’s coalition, which relies on two ultra-Orthodox parties that oppose mandatory service. Lawmakers are still trying to craft legislation that would restore at least partial exemptions, but failure to do so risks further political fractures as the army proceeds under the court’s mandate.