Trump Administration Faces Legal Challenges Over Tariffs Under IEEPA From 12 States and Small Businesses Amid Supreme Court Review

The Trump administration is facing multiple legal challenges over tariffs imposed under its national emergency authority, with several states and small businesses contesting the legality of these measures. Twelve states have filed lawsuits arguing that the tariffs represent an arbitrary exercise of presidential power. Courts at various levels, including district and appellate courts, have issued rulings on related issues such as birthright citizenship, which is currently being reviewed by the Supreme Court. Former U.S. Trade Representative Robert Lighthizer has acknowledged the possibility that lower federal courts may overturn the tariffs based on the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (IEEPA), which requires an emergency justification for such actions. The Trump administration has urged the U.S. trade court to dismiss lawsuits challenging the tariffs, contending that the judiciary lacks authority to review the national emergency declaration. Legal experts, including Stanford Law Professor Alan Sykes, have criticized Congress for excessively delegating authority to the president in this area. Constitutional scholars have also argued that the tariffs imposed by President Trump may be unconstitutional. The Supreme Court is expected to play a decisive role in resolving these disputes, which have significant implications for U.S. trade policy and the economy. Additionally, these legal battles coincide with other high-profile cases involving Trump administration policies, such as the ongoing debate over birthright citizenship.