The Trump administration has asked the U.S. Supreme Court for an emergency order that would let Immigration and Customs Enforcement resume large-scale, “roving” arrests in the Los Angeles region. A federal judge had barred agents from detaining people based solely on race, language, occupation or location, calling the tactics unconstitutional. In its filing, the Justice Department described the restrictions as a “straitjacket,” arguing they undermine public-safety efforts in a district where the government estimates one in ten residents lack legal status. The Supreme Court petition comes as the administration faces a separate courtroom battle over its decision to federalize the California National Guard and deploy troops during June protests against the immigration raids. A three-day, non-jury trial opened Monday before U.S. District Judge Charles Breyer in San Francisco to decide whether ordering about 4,000 Guard soldiers and 700 Marines onto Los Angeles streets violated the 1878 Posse Comitatus Act, which limits military involvement in civilian law-enforcement, and infringed state sovereignty under the Tenth Amendment. California Governor Gavin Newsom and Attorney General Rob Bonta want the remaining 250–300 Guard members returned to state control and a permanent bar on using federal troops to assist immigration arrests. The Trump administration contends the forces merely protected federal personnel and property after city police failed to quell unrest and that the president acted within statutory powers to counter a potential “rebellion.” Breyer’s ruling, along with the Supreme Court’s forthcoming decision on the immigration raids, could clarify the extent of presidential authority to deploy troops and conduct aggressive enforcement inside U.S. cities.