Researchers have identified the wreck of the Spanish galleon San José, long lost after sinking in a battle with the Royal Navy, confirming its identity through the discovery of coins. Often referred to as the “Holy Grail of shipwrecks,” the San José is believed to hold a treasure estimated at $17 billion, comprising gold, silver, and emeralds. The shipwreck lies underwater off the coast of Colombia. Separately, a 300-year-old shipwreck carrying valuable treasure that was plundered by pirates has been discovered off the coast of Madagascar. This find includes remains linked to the pirate ship "El Gavilán," with a cryptogram recently deciphered that may reveal the route to the treasure sought for centuries. Additionally, numerous ancient shipwrecks with treasures have been uncovered in Greece. These discoveries highlight ongoing interest in underwater archaeology and the potential for deep-sea mining, which is being eyed by Washington amid growing demand for critical minerals, though environmental and normative risks are concerns. Recent findings also challenge previous understandings of the seabed and oceanic environments, suggesting the possibility of an emerging underwater gold rush.