Global childhood vaccination efforts have stalled since 2010, leaving millions of children vulnerable to preventable diseases such as tetanus, polio, and tuberculosis, according to a study published in The Lancet. Factors contributing to the decline include economic inequality, misinformation, and disruptions caused by the Covid-19 pandemic. The World Health Organization (WHO) and UNICEF reported that the number of unvaccinated children in 13 crisis-affected countries increased from 3.6 million in 2019 to 5.4 million in 2024, with conflicts and crises threatening to reverse years of progress. Although there was a slight global increase in vaccination coverage in 2024, challenges such as funding cuts, conflicts, and misinformation continue to jeopardize targets for 2030. In the United States, childhood vaccination rates have declined for diseases including measles, diphtheria, and polio during the 2024-25 school year. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) data show a rise in vaccine exemptions among kindergartners to 4.1%, up from 3.7% the previous year, marking the third consecutive year of record exemption rates. Some states, including Utah, Idaho, and Oregon, have exemption rates exceeding 5%, with the national average at 3.6%. This decline in vaccination coverage coincides with the worst measles outbreak in the U.S. in over three decades, raising concerns about herd immunity and increased risk of epidemics.