During the May 2025 India-Pakistan conflict known as Operation Sindoor, China provided extensive support to Pakistan, according to Lieutenant General Rahul R. Singh, Deputy Chief of Army Staff of the Indian Army. Singh revealed that approximately 81% of Pakistan's military hardware is of Chinese origin, and China supplied Pakistan with live intelligence inputs on Indian military positions and vectors throughout the conflict. He described the conflict as a "live lab" for China to test its weapons systems against Indian defenses, highlighting the strategic advantage gained by Beijing. Additionally, Turkey played a notable role in supporting Pakistan by providing drones and trained personnel. Singh emphasized that India effectively faced three adversaries on one border: Pakistan in the frontline, backed comprehensively by China, with Turkey also contributing support. The Deputy Chief called for urgent upgrades to India's air defense systems in light of these developments. These disclosures were made during an event on new military technologies and have been corroborated by multiple Indian defense officials and media reports.