The United States has proposed offering Ukraine security guarantees modeled on NATO's collective defense pact but without granting Kyiv formal membership in the alliance, according to multiple diplomatic sources and officials including Italy's premier. This proposal aims to provide Ukraine with protection similar to NATO's Article 5 guarantees in the event of a peace agreement, while stopping short of full alliance accession. The initiative reflects ongoing diplomatic efforts amid the conflict in Ukraine to enhance Kyiv's security assurances without expanding NATO's membership.