NASA is preparing to build a 100-kilowatt nuclear fission reactor on the Moon by 2030 as part of its Artemis program, aiming to provide a sustainable power source critical for establishing a permanent lunar base. Acting NASA Administrator Sean Duffy emphasized the importance of this power source to overcome challenges such as the Moon's 14-day night cycle, which limits solar energy availability. The initiative is also seen as a strategic move to secure U.S. dominance in lunar exploration ahead of competitors like China and Russia, who plan to deploy automated nuclear power stations on the Moon by 2035. The project has received support from the nuclear industry and is expected to boost confidence in nuclear energy both in space and on Earth. While some critics have raised ethical concerns, experts note that international law does not prohibit the peaceful use of nuclear power on the Moon. The reactor's deployment is anticipated to transform space exploration by enabling continuous energy supply for future lunar operations.