President Donald Trump has signed the “One Big Beautiful Bill Act,” a budget-reconciliation package that permanently extends the 2017 individual tax reductions, enhances the Child Tax Credit and raises the doubled standard deduction. The law also makes the Section 199A deduction and full expensing for capital investment permanent and nearly triples the federal estate-tax exemption, changes Republicans say amount to the largest tax cut in U.S. history. Agriculture is a central focus: the measure directs about $60 billion to bolster the farm safety net, updates crop-insurance reference prices for inflation and expands conservation, research and trade programs. It keeps the 45Z biofuel credit restricted to domestically sourced feedstocks and allows immediate expensing for new agricultural and manufacturing facilities, steps farm groups say provide long-sought certainty. Beyond taxes and farm aid, the law authorizes what supporters call the biggest border-security investment on record, including funding for additional personnel and further construction of a border wall. It also folds in the Educational Choice for Children Act, expands paid-leave and childcare credits, and renews opportunity zones to channel private capital into rural communities. The package pays for part of its new spending by reducing outlays for the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, a shift that has drawn Democratic criticism. House Agriculture Committee Chairman Glenn “GT” Thompson said he intends to move a separate “Farm Bill 2.0” this autumn to address outstanding nutrition and farm-policy issues and to secure bipartisan backing.