Sudan is facing a severe cholera outbreak, with over 101,000 confirmed cases and 2,515 deaths reported since August 2024, according to the Sudanese Ministry of Health. The crisis is particularly acute in the Darfur region, where more than half of the cases have been recorded, including 158 deaths in South Darfur since May 2025. The outbreak has spread across 18 states, with 500 deaths reported by the World Health Organization and 38% of health facilities in Sudan rendered non-functional due to conflict-related attacks. The ongoing conflict involving the Rapid Support Forces (RSF) has exacerbated the situation, with RSF attacks causing displacement, destruction of health infrastructure, and a worsening humanitarian crisis. In North Darfur's besieged city of El-Fasher, the RSF shelled a hospital and abducted six women and two children from a displacement camp. The United Nations has warned of a potential catastrophe in El-Fasher, while medical charity Doctors Without Borders described the Darfur outbreak as Sudan's worst in years, with risks of spreading to neighboring South Sudan and Chad. The combined cholera cases in Sudan and South Sudan have surpassed 189,000 with thousands of deaths reported. The Sudanese army has responded with intense airstrikes against RSF positions in western Darfur. Efforts to contain the outbreak include mass vaccination campaigns, provision of safe water, and medical support from organizations such as Médecins Sans Frontières.