Dutch and German intelligence services said they have gathered "concrete" evidence that Russian forces are making routine use of banned chemical weapons in Ukraine, including the choking agent chloropicrin and CS tear gas. The findings, disclosed on Friday, describe the practice as "standardised and widespread" and a clear breach of the 1997 Chemical Weapons Convention. Dutch Defence Minister Ruben Brekelmans told Reuters that investigators documented drones dropping chloropicrin-filled improvised munitions to force Ukrainian soldiers from trenches before firing on them. Peter Reesink, head of the Netherlands’ Military Intelligence and Security Service, said the pattern reflects a large-scale production and research programme, not ad-hoc frontline experimentation. The agencies linked at least three Ukrainian battlefield deaths and more than 2,500 chemical-related injuries to the suspected Russian attacks. Kyiv counts roughly 9,000 incidents since the full-scale invasion began in 2022. Despite the scale of the allegations, the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons has not been formally asked to open a full investigation. Brekelmans urged the European Union to tighten sanctions and bar Moscow from the OPCW’s executive council. Russia’s defence ministry did not immediately comment, but Moscow has previously denied using illegal munitions and accused Ukraine of the same. Reuters has not independently verified the intelligence claims.