An Associated Press investigation, supported by video, audio-forensic analysis and testimony from two American whistle-blowers, says U.S. security contractors guarding the Gaza Humanitarian Foundation’s food-distribution sites have repeatedly fired live ammunition, thrown stun grenades and used pepper spray at Palestinians attempting to collect aid. The contractors, hired through UG Solutions for the U.S.- and Israeli-backed programme, described security staff as largely unvetted and heavily armed, with one recalling bullets "fired in all directions" and warning that “innocent people [are] being hurt, badly, needlessly.” Internal logs obtained by AP show that during a single June distribution 37 stun grenades and at least 60 pepper-spray canisters were deployed, while a Safe Reach Solutions report recorded injuries at nearly a third of distributions over a two-week span. GHF, founded in February and operating four fortified hubs since 26 May, rejects the allegations as "categorically false." The organisation and its logistics subcontractor, Safe Reach Solutions, acknowledge isolated warning shots but say no civilians were struck and contend that gunfire captured in footage originated from Israeli forces outside the compounds. GHF says it has delivered the equivalent of more than 50 million meals and last month secured a US$30 million U.S. government grant to continue operations. The Gaza Health Ministry reports that several hundred Palestinians have been killed and hundreds more wounded while trying to reach the hubs or along approach roads policed by Israeli forces. Israel’s military says it uses warning fire only and has opened reviews into civilian harm. Aid experts and more than 170 NGOs have urged a return to United Nations–led distribution, arguing the militarised system forces over two million people through combat zones. Legal and governance scrutiny of the private relief effort is mounting. Switzerland’s Federal Supervisory Authority for Foundations has begun dissolving GHF’s Geneva branch after finding it failed to meet basic regulatory requirements. Journalists continue to be barred from the aid sites, leaving the contractors’ accounts—and GHF’s rebuttal—as the most detailed publicly available descriptions of how the high-profile programme is being run on the ground.